History #5. The Book

Post an example of a scroll. 
What were the drawbacks of the scroll?
Readers had to read the text in the order it was written and they were only allowed for sequential usage.

Post an example of a codex.

What is a codex?
A book bound with wood and string

"Codex" is derived from the Latin meaning "block of wood". Why?
it was made with wood and wasn't supposed to be folded or rolled up
What is the difference between "sequential access" and "random access"?
With random access, a reader can read a certain page or part of the page; sequential access required the reader to read the entire thing.
What were the advantages of using the codex?
It was compacted, sturdy and easy reference because it was random access. It was also good for libraries because the title could be written on the spine.
What helped spread the use of the codex?
Creation of the Bible
What replaced papyrus? Describe the process used to create it?
Parchment was made from animal skin, smoothed out, soak the hide in water, add calcium, flour and salt, and then they dried it.
What is Vellum? 
Finer quality of parchment, made from the skins of young calves.
What led to a period of cultural and economical deterioration?
Decline of the Roman empire
Name several examples of current technology that utilizes the format of the codex?
book binding, and the format in general became slightly more sophisticated but the overall format has barely changed.
Post an example of an illuminated manuscript.
Who began creating books by hand, taking the creation to an art form?
Monastic monks in the Dark Ages.
What does "illumination" refer to? What was included in this ornamentation?
The borders, with the initials of the chapters or paragraphs with painting in the margins, borders and around the text
What tool was used for creating the illuminated manuscripts?
Quill pens
Why were these manuscripts reserved for religious purposes?
It was decided that the beautiful books should be used for church use, especially because most of the population was illiterate.
What is craftsmanship? Why is it important?  
art or a craft. It is important for historians to see what the culture was like.